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U.S. EPA released is long awaited replacement rule for the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) which was the controversial cap and trade program for coal-fired utilities. In December of 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit ruled CAIR exceeded EPA’s regulatory authority and ordered the Agency to develop an new proposal.
Originally, the
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The American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) contains the highest federal funding yet for the 5 r’s of diesel- retrofits, replacements, repowers, replace and refuel. The competitive announcements for the ARRA Funding for National Diesel Emissions Reduction Program became available on March 20, 2009. Better get your act together if you still want an application
Is the Court showing signs that it may have gone too far is throwing out CAIR? After EPA filed a request for rehearing, a hopeful sign emerged last month when the Court asked the parties challenging CAIR to respond to two questions:
DERG Round Two Schedule: Tentatively, Ohio will begin soliciting grant applications on December 15th for the second round of funding under the Diesel Emission Reduction Grant (DERG) program administered by the Ohio Department of Development (ODOD). DERG will have approximately $11.2 million in available funding in the second round. The grants pay for retrofits of emission controls
I mentioned in my post discussing LADCO air quality meeting that I would put up the most relevant slides or graphics from all the presentation over the two days in Chicago. I think I can pretty much boil it down to two slides.
This slide was put together by U.S. EPA when meeting to discuss their
I participated today in a Midwest Air Quality Workshop in Chicago. At the workshop, Bill Harnett from U.S. EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning and Strategy (OAQPS) gave an interesting presentation regarding U.S. EPA’s reaction to the vacatur of CAIR by the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. Here are a couple of the key issues
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Yesterday, U.S. EPA announced its proposed non-attainment designations for counties not meeting the new P.M. 2.5 (fine particle) pollution standard. Ohio was second only to California in total counties designated non-attainment with 28 total counties.
A county’s designation as non-attainment makes economic development efforts more difficult and increases competitive pressure on existing businesses. The
In my prior posts on CAIR, I analyzed the real world impacts of the Court’s decision to vacate the program. In my final post on CAIR, I highlight some of the legal implications from the Court’s decision on business and policy makers. This is not meant to be a legal brief for lawyers, but rather
In my previous post on the CAIR decision, I discussed the environmental and practical ramifications of the Court’s decision vacating the program. While speaking at a large permitting seminar for manufacturer’s, I had a chance to discuss the conclusions of my prior post with some State officials. While I was correct that the CAIR decision complicates
The recent decision issued by the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeal vacating the CAIR rule has far reaching implications. It probably justifies at least one more post. Understandably, reaction has been related to the fact that this major clean air initiative was dismantled with a stroke of a pen. A fact highlighted by EPA’s announcement in 2005 when the CAIR rule was implemented.
“CAIR will result in the largest pollution reductions and health benefits of any air rule in more than a decade. The action we are taking will require all 28 states to be good neighbors, helping states downwind by controlling airborne emissions at their source.”
–Steve Johnson, Acting EPA Adminstrator
3/10/2005
The Court included editorial comments trying to suggest the impact would be minimal. For instance, the Court points to two power plant pollution control programs (the NOx SIP call and Acid Rain Program) that will still be effective in reducing emissions even after CAIR is gone. The Court also suggests that State’s could simply sue one another if more reductions are needed (using its Clean Air Act Section 126 authority). Litigation is hardly an effective pollution control strategy.
Bottom line, there is simply no way to minimize the impact of its decision or the ramifications for States and US EPA.
The map to the left is a good representation of the breadth of the CAIR program. Each dot represents advanced pollution controls on a power plant. (Click on the map to enlarge the view) This map shows US EPA’s projections as to controls on power plants by 2010 after CAIR and CAMR (power plant mercury control program), both of which have been vacated by the Court. While some of the dots may remain due to the NOx SIP Call and Acid Rain Program, many will disappear or be on hold.
How many dots disappear? US EPA projected that CAIR would result in 116 more units having advanced air pollution controls in 2010. By 2020, the number was 287 more units.
While the decision certainly impacts efforts at cleaner air, it also makes a mess of state air pollution control plans (called State Implementation Plans- SIPs) that have been submitted for approval by US EPA. Most of the SIPs submitted rely on CAIR as a primary control method to achieve federal air quality standards for ozone and soot. The ruling brings tremendous uncertainty as to how these state plans will be reviewed.
To support CAIR, US EPA provided modeling to show air quality improvement that would result from reductions brought about by the program. State’s relied upon this modeling as part of their air pollution control plans to achieve federal air quality standards.
What was the magnitude of air quality improvement that US EPA projected? The Agency showed that in 2005, 104 areas didn’t meet ozone standards and 43 areas didn’t meet pm 2.5 (soot) standards. By 2010, EPA projected the number of areas not meeting ozone and soot standards would be reduced to 14 and 20 respectively due in part to CAIR.
Now that the State’s cannot rely on CAIR as a cornerstone of their air pollution control strategies, those reduction must come from somewhere. Without these massive reductions State’s face missing deadlines to meet federal air quality standards. Missing the federal deadline can bring sanctions and more rigorous air pollution control requirements on businesses within the state.
US EPA has even adopted a tougher ozone standard which is currently being implemented. The State’s face enormous challenges in meeting this new standard if there is no federal air pollution control program applicable to power plants. From reading the decision, it may be very difficult to craft a legal program using administrative authority. Congress may have to amend the Clean Air Act to give US EPA the authority, but since 1990 Congress has shown its reluctance to re-open the Clean Air Act. Continue Reading CAIR Decision Will Have Many Aftershocks